The Prepared Environment
The Montessori classroom is referred to as the prepared environment. It is a meaningfully structured learning space where everything has a purpose and a place. Furniture is light and child-sized, learning materials are designed to fit in children’s hands, and everything is designed to be open and accessible. The prepared environment activates a love of learning through curiosity, stability, and the freedom to choose.
The Montessori Classroom is the Prepared Environment
The wonder of Montessori learning is clearly evident when you see children interact with the prepared environment. You won’t see a teacher directing a Montessori lesson at the front of the classroom, or all students simultaneously seated at individual desks. Instead, you will see children moving freely around the classroom, choosing their own activities, and working individually or in small groups. They may choose to work at a table, or on the floor, with a small mat to clearly delineate their workspace. Similarly, you won’t see a teacher hovering over children correcting their work. Instead, you will see educators standing back, keenly observing their students, and only stepping in to assist when needed.
Children are able to deeply engage in their own learning, progress at their own pace, and discover learning outcomes through repetition and practice. Learning in the Montessori environment is largely active, individually paced, often self-correcting, and completely tailored to the needs and interests of each individual child.
The Montessori classroom is known as the prepared environment because it is purposefully prepared by a trained Montessori educator to create the optimal learning environment for children. The classroom itself is neutral, open-plan, and has a distinct sense of order, beauty and harmony. Everything has a purpose and a place.
Features of the Prepared Environment
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Structure and order
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Clearly defined curriculum areas
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Materials are displayed in progression order
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Left to right orientation
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Freedom of movement and choice
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Emphasis on independence
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Freedom within limits
“The child does not work in order to move or in order to become intelligent. He works to adapt to his environment. It is essential that he has many experiences in the environment if he is to do this. ” – MARIA MONTESSORI
Keys to a Prepared Environment
Order
The prepared environment is a calm and structured learning space where children know what to expect. There are dedicated shelves of materials for each curriculum area, designated space to work at a table or on the floor, an area for meal times, and the ellipse where the children gather together. There is an organic flow for movement, learning, and exploration.
Child-Sized
Doctor Montessori observed that children experience frustration in an adult-sized world. This is why she designed child-sized furniture, accessible low open shelves, and learning materials that easily fit in a child’s hand. Everything in the prepared environment is purposefully designed to support children’s independence and self-mastery.
Freedom and Choice
Within the prepared environment children experience freedom of movement, freedom of choice, and freedom of time. Students are able to follow their own interests, work with an activity for as long as they choose, and work how and where they like.
Freedom within Limits
Freedom within limits refers to the ground rules of the prepared environment. Children have the freedom to follow their own interests, move freely, and choose their work, as long as their behaviour is reasonable and acceptable
Left to Right Progression Order
In the prepared environment, the Montessori materials are grouped by their curriculum area, and displayed from left to right in progression order, from easiest to hardest. This logical structure provides a clear pathway for learning.
Independence
The prepared environment provides children with a safe place to explore and develop their independence. Children’s independence is supported through the structure of the prepared environment, the Montessori materials, the curriculum areas, and the guiding role of the educator. Children are actively encouraged to do and think for themselves.